CRUX OF SURGERY

CRUX OF SURGERY

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Latest — 05 Feb 2026

Post-Operative Shortness of Breath

You are called by the physiotherapist to assess a 75-year-old female patient who is had a hemiarthroplasty three days ago for a right neck of femur fracture. Oxygen saturations were 89% and heart rate was 115. How would you approach this patient? * I would immediately go to the patient, asking

More issues

Trochlear CN IV and Abducens CN VI

Trochlear CN IV ✨ M ➡ Superior oblique, which depresses the adducted eye. Injury classically leads to being unable to look down and inwards causing difficulty reading or descending stairs. Abducens CN VI ✨ M ➡ Lateral rectus, which abducts the eye. Injury classically causes an inability to look laterally, with the eye resting

Research fraud

Your colleague has edited the raw data to produce more impressive results for your research on long-term outcomes following different operative approaches. How do you proceed? Issues * Research ethics * Integrity * Professionalism * Patient safety Seek information * Discuss with your colleague what you noticed - is there an explanation for what the

Drunk colleague

Your registrar is behaving like they may be under the influence of drugs. He's supposed to be doing a list. How do you proceed? Issues * Patient safety * Professionalism * Trust in the profession * Colleague wellbeing Seek information * Talk privately immediately with the registrar - directly ask if they are

Lost notes

You took patient notes home to work on an audit but when you get home you realise they're not in your bag - you don't know where they are. How do you proceed? Issues 1. Patient confidentiality 2. Data security 3. Patient safety 4. Duty of

Upper Limbs

Lymphatic Drainage

Oculomotor CN III

* ✨ M ➡ The oculomotor nerve supplies medial rectus, superior rectus, inferior rectus, inferior oblique, and levator palpebrae superioris. * 🌟 Pa ➡ It also carries parasympathetic fibres via the ciliary ganglion to the sphincter pupillae. Features of CN III palsy * Down-and-out eye due to paralysis of the medial rectus * Ptosis due to paralysis of

Neuro-Anatomical Localisation & Spinal Cord Syndromes

👩‍⚕️I think the best way to learn this is by working through MCQs so let's get right into it: Which structure is primarily responsible for autonomic nervous system control? * ((Thalamus::Relay station for sensory pathways to the cortex)) * ((Medulla::Contains vital reflex centres but is under hypothalamic control)

Facial CN VII